Pathology Reports Before Tubal Ligation Reversal
At Chapel Hill Tubal Reversal Center, we want to maximize the chances for pregnancy after tubal ligation reversal for all of our patients. One step that is helpful in planning for a tubal reversal procedure is examining the pathology report from a patient’s medical record. Pathology reports can provide critical information to a tubal reversal specialist since they convey additional information beyond what is contained in the operative report describing the tubal ligation.
What is a pathology report?
A pathology report- sometimes shortened to ‘path report’- is a typed report from a pathologist (doctor who studies healthy and diseased tissue) that describes the removed tubal segments. Usually when tissue is removed by a surgical operation, it is sent to a pathologist for examination. After this examination, a pathologist will create a typed report describing what was observed.
When a tubal ligation and resection procedure has been performed, a segment of fallopian tube was removed and most likely sent to a pathologist. Therefore, a pathology report should exist in the patient’s medical record. When a sterilization has been performed by tubal electrocautery or with tubal clips or rings, there will not be a pathology report because no tubal tissue is removed with these tubal ligation methods.
A pathology report will help our tubal reversal doctors determine exactly what was done during a ligation and resection procedure and what your chances of tubal reversal success will be.
Examples of Pathology Reports After Tubal Ligation
Here are some examples of what the pathology reports may show after a tubal ligation and resection:
Scenario 1
Operative note states, “A standard ligation and resection was done.” Pathology report states, “Two 1.5 cm isthmic sections of fallopian tube were examined.” In this case, the pathology report confirms that small amounts of isthmic tubal segments were removed and the chance of successful ligation reversal is very good.
Scenario 2
Operative note states, “A bilateral ligation was done…tubes were resected.” Pathology report states, “Two 4 cm sections of fallopian tube were examined and fimbrial ends were present on both sections.” In this case, the pathology report demonstrates that the patient has had a fimbriectomy. We would advise the patient that fimbrectomy reversal will be the appropriate procedure to reverse this type of tubal ligation.
Scenario 3
Operative note states, “A typical bilateral tubal ligation was done.” Pathology report states, “Two 7 cm section of fallopian tubes were examined.” In this case, the pathology report shows that large amounts of tubal length were removed. This is not a typical bilateral tubal ligation, and the chance of a reversing tubal ligation is remote. In this case, we would advise the patient that IVF would be a better treatment option for her than tubal reversal surgery.
Get Expert Opinion
As tubal reversal experts who specialize in ‘untying tied tubes’, we have found that most tubal ligations are reversible. Any patient considering ligation reversal should send us a copy of their operative reportand, if ligation and resection was done, a copy of the pathology report. We will review these reports, without charge, and provide the best recommendation for becoming pregnant after tubal ligation.
Submitted by Dr. Charles Monteith
Chapel Hill Tubal Reversal Center

The initial method of laparoscopic tubal coagulation, in 1962, used a type of electrical current termed monopolar current. Monopolar tubal electrocoagulation was a popular type of laparoscopic sterilization through the 1970’s and 1980’s. The medical community began to realize that the complication rate from this form of electric surgery was higher than for other electric surgical methods of tubal sterilization. Sterilization procedures done by monopolar current have gradually been replaced with bipolar current.
The first reported sterilization using bipolar electrocoagulation was in 1972. This was done via a laparoscope inserted just under the belly button. During bipolar coagulation, the electrical current can be more precisely controlled, resulting in less tubal damage than monopolar coagulation. This sterilization procedure results in higher reversal success rates than monopolar electrocoagulation.
The Yoon Falope rings were developed in the 1960’s as a safer alternative to laparoscopic monopolar cautery tubal sterilization. This procedure is performed by inserting a laparoscope just under the belly button. The fallopian tube is then identified and a device holds the tube while the silastic ring is slid over a 2-3 cm ’knuckle’ of tube that is kinked off by the ring. This is done once for each side.
The Hulka clip is a small, gold plated stainless steel spring loaded clip. The clip in introduced into the abdominal cavity via a laparoscopic clip applicator. This image shows the open clip in the applicator and the tip of the laparoscope with its fiber optic lighted end. When the clip is placed across the fallopian tube, it is closed and a small spring holds the clip firmly across the tube. The Hulka clip has the advantage of damaging only a very small portion of the fallopian tube- approximately 7mm (the thickness of three quarters stacked on each other).
The Hulka clip causes bilateral tubal occlusion by squeezing a very small portion of the tube. The squeezed portion is deprived of its blood supply and eventually undergoes avascular necrosis (dies and is absorbed by the body). This causes the fallopian tube to be divided in half and the two ends to close up. The Hulka clip is held in place between the two divided tubal segments by a small amount of scar tissue which forms within the clip.
Many patients seem to imagine the fallopian tube is like a shoe lace which is tied up like a bow to prevent pregnancy. As tubal ligation reversal specialists, we wish it were that easy- then untying tied tubes would be easier!
The Filshie clip causes bilateral tubal occlusion by squeezing a very small portion of the tube. The squeezed portion is deprived of its blood supply and eventually undergoes avascular necrosis (dies and is absorbed by the body). This causes the fallopian tube to be divided in half and the two ends to close up. The Filshie clip is held in place (in between the two divided ends) by a small amount of scar tissue which forms over the clip.
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May 1st, 2008 at 9:01 pm
Women often receive little education from their doctors regarding sterilization before having the procedure performed. This information is a clear, simple explanation for the most common question we receive!
May 1st, 2008 at 11:39 pm
I think that this information will help many women out there understand what they actually had done at the time of there tubal ligation. Many times we get calls from patients who are upset when they find out that a piece of tube was actually removed. They often say, “I thought my doctor said he was just tying my tubes.” It is good to know that this procedure which is referred to as permanent in most cases is not so permanent after all. This is a great option for women out there who have had decided that they once again would like to have another child as well as those who have decided that they want to have a child for the first time.
May 2nd, 2008 at 6:29 am
I believe that women should now what they are having done and have all questions answered about there tubal reversal procedures. One thing that I really enjoy about working at Chapel Hill Tubal Reversal Center is that it’s a more personal setting than any other clinic or hospital, and we take the time to fully educate patients them about their options regarding having tubes untied.
May 2nd, 2008 at 6:47 am
Chapel Hill Tubal Reversal Center is the only medical facility specializing exclusively in tubal ligation reversal. The staff are dedicated and the care is more personalized than the care that is received in a large hospital. I am not aware of any other facility that provides support for non urgent concerns during the evenings, weekends and holidays.
May 2nd, 2008 at 7:22 am
Thank you Dr. Monteith for the explanation, I believe alot of woment thought just what you stated , that the tubes are just tied off with something. Doctors have never gone into any detail to explain the actual precedure to women after child birth. I am sure the way you explained the precedure will help many women understand.
May 2nd, 2008 at 9:00 am
Patients may find out how their tubes were tied by requesting a copy of their operative report from the hospital where the tubal ligation surgery was performed. Mail or fax us the oeprative report and Dr. Berger will review it free of charge. A nurse will contact you to discuss scheduling your tubal reversal surgery.
May 2nd, 2008 at 10:41 am
When a patient calls to inquiry about the tubal reversal for the first time, I ask them if they know what type of tubal ligation her doctor performed. The patient usually says “They were just tied”. Patients normally do not know that they in fact did not have their tubes “tied”, but rather clipped, burned, and/or resected. Lucky for our patients, Dr. Berger is able to repair the tubes in 98% of cases and has reversed all types of tubal ligations.
May 2nd, 2008 at 10:44 am
A wonderful analogy, thank you Dr Monteith!